Kruger 60
  Krüger 60 Location of Krüger 60 in the constellation Cepheus | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Cepheus |
| Krüger 60 A | |
| Right ascension | 22h 27m 59.55755s[1] |
| Declination | +57° 41′ 42.0806″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 9.93±0.03[2] |
| Krüger 60 B | |
| Right ascension | 22h 27m 59.79560s[3] |
| Declination | +57° 41′ 49.7468″[3] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 10.3 – 11.4[4] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | M3V/M4V[5] |
| Variable type | None/Flare star |
| Astrometry | |
| Krüger 60 A | |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −725.227 mas/yr[1] Dec.: −223.461 mas/yr[1] |
| Parallax (π) | 249.3926 ± 0.1653 mas[1] |
| Distance | 13.078 ± 0.009 ly (4.010 ± 0.003 pc) |
| Krüger 60 B | |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −934.098 mas/yr[3] Dec.: −686.244 mas/yr[3] |
| Parallax (π) | 249.9668 ± 0.7414 mas[3] |
| Distance | 13.05 ± 0.04 ly (4.00 ± 0.01 pc) |
| Details | |
| Krüger 60 A | |
| Mass | 0.271±0.010[6] M☉ |
| Radius | 0.295±0.019[7] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.00983±0.00025[7] L☉ |
| Habitable zone inner limit | 0.103[7] AU |
| Habitable zone outer limit | 0.201[7] AU |
| Temperature | 3,342±111[7] K |
| Metallicity | –0.04[8] |
| Krüger 60 B | |
| Mass | 0.176±0.007[6] M☉ |
| Radius | 0.218±0.016[7] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.00393±0.00016[7] L☉ |
| Habitable zone inner limit | 0.067[7] AU |
| Habitable zone outer limit | 0.129[7] AU |
| Temperature | 3,097±111[7] K |
| Orbit[9] | |
| Primary | Krüger 60 A |
| Companion | Krüger 60 B |
| Period (P) | 45.13+0.44 −0.43 yr |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 2.45±0.02″ |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.4131+0.0031 −0.0032 |
| Inclination (i) | 165.41+0.72 −0.71° |
| Longitude of the node (Ω) | 152.6+3.3 −3.9° |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 56,944+12 −11 MJD |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (primary) | 208.2+2.8 −3.3° |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | The system |
| A | |
| B | |
Krüger 60 (DO Cephei) is a binary star system located 13.1 light-years (4.0 parsecs) from Earth, being one of nearest stars. It is made up of a pair of red dwarfs stars orbiting each other every 45 years.
Description
[edit]The larger, primary star is designated component A, while the secondary, smaller star is labeled component B. Component A has about 27% of the Sun's mass and 30% of the Sun's radius. Component B has about 18% of the Sun's mass and 22% of the Sun's radius.[6][7]
In 1951, Peter van de Kamp and Sarah Lee Lippincott announced that component B is a flare star.[12] It was given the variable star designation "DO Cephei".[13] Flares lasting as long as one hour have been recorded.[14]
This system is orbiting through the Milky Way at a distance from the core that varies from 7–9 kpc with an orbital eccentricity of 0.126–0.130.[15] The closest approach to the Sun will occur in about 88,600 years when this system will come within 1.95 parsecs (6.4 ly).[16]
Considering the orbit of the members of Krüger 60, detecting an exoplanet through radial velocity could prove difficult, as its orbit would be inclined only 13 degrees from our point of view, and create 1/5th as strong a radial velocity signal as an exoplanet orbiting edge-on from the point of view of the Solar System.[citation needed]
Origin of 2I/Borisov
[edit]Krüger 60 was proposed as the origin of interstellar comet 2I/Borisov (formerly named C/2019 Q4 (Borisov)) in a preprint submitted to arXiv by Dybczyński, Królikowska, and Wysoczańska.[17] These authors had from other work a list of stars and stellar systems that can potentially act as perturbers of the Oort cloud comets, and searched it for a past close proximity of 2I/Borisov at a very small relative velocity. While hampered by uncertainty about the orbit of 2I/Borisov and particularly its non-gravitational acceleration (due to cometary outgassing), they initially reached a conclusion that 1 Myr ago 2I/Borisov passed Krüger 60 at a small distance of 1.74 pc while having an extremely small relative velocity of 3.43 km/s. Perturbations of 2I/Borisov's incoming orbit altered the intersection distance with relatively small changes in the relative velocity. However, further study by the same authors presented in the revised version of the preprint instead ruled out the possibility of Krüger 60 as a home system for 2I/Borisov.[17]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ Fabricius, C.; Høg, E.; Makarov, V. V.; Mason, B. D.; Wycoff, G. L.; Urban, S. E. (2002-03-01). "The Tycho double star catalogue". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 384: 180–189. Bibcode:2002A&A...384..180F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011822. ISSN 0004-6361.
- ^ a b c d Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ "VSX : Detail for DO Cep". AAVSO. Retrieved 2025-01-21.
- ^ Henry, Todd J.; et al. (October 1994). "The solar neighborhood, 1: Standard spectral types (K5-M8) for northern dwarfs within eight parsecs". The Astronomical Journal. 108 (4): 1437–1444. Bibcode:1994AJ....108.1437H. doi:10.1086/117167.
- ^ a b c Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; White, Russel J. (2004-04-01). "An Assessment of Dynamical Mass Constraints on Pre-Main-Sequence Evolutionary Tracks". The Astrophysical Journal. 604 (2): 741. arXiv:astro-ph/0312189. Bibcode:2004ApJ...604..741H. doi:10.1086/382021. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K.; Apai, Dániel; Bergsten, Galen J.; Pascucci, Ilaria; López-Morales, Mercedes (2023-06-01). "Bioverse: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Capabilities of Extremely Large Telescopes to Probe Earth-like O2 Levels in Nearby Transiting Habitable-zone Exoplanets". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (6): 267. arXiv:2304.12490. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..267H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd1ec. ISSN 0004-6256. Database entries at VizieR:
Kruger 60 A
Kruger 60 B - ^ Bonfils, Xavier; Delfosse, Xavier; Udry, Stéphane; Santos, Nuno C.; Forveille, Thierry; Ségransan, Damien (2005). "Metallicity of M dwarfs. I. A photometric calibration and the impact on the mass-luminosity relation at the bottom of the main sequence". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 442 (2): 635–642. arXiv:astro-ph/0503260. Bibcode:2005A&A...442..635B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053046. S2CID 13900901. Only listed for component A.
- ^ Mann, Andrew W.; Dupuy, Trent; Kraus, Adam L.; Gaidos, Eric; Ansdell, Megan; Ireland, Michael; Rizzuto, Aaron C.; Hung, Chao-Ling; Dittmann, Jason; Factor, Samuel; Feiden, Gregory; Martinez, Raquel A.; Ruíz-Rodríguez, Dary; Thao, Pa Chia (2019-01-01). "How to Constrain Your M Dwarf. II. The Mass-Luminosity-Metallicity Relation from 0.075 to 0.70 Solar Masses". The Astrophysical Journal. 871 (1): 63. arXiv:1811.06938. Bibcode:2019ApJ...871...63M. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf3bc. ISSN 0004-637X. Kruger 60's database entry at VizieR.
- ^ "NSV 14168 – Variable Star". SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
- ^ Dal, H. A. (July 2020). "The flare cumulative frequencies of UV Ceti stars from different spectral types". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (4): 4529–4541. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495.4529D. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1484.
- ^ van de Kamp, Peter; Lippincott, Sarah Lee (June 1951). "Flare-Up of Krüger 60 B". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 63 (372): 141–142. Bibcode:1951PASP...63..141V. doi:10.1086/126343. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
- ^ White, Stephen M.; et al. (December 1989). "A VLA survey of nearby flare stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 895–904. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..895W. doi:10.1086/191401.
- ^ Dal, Hasan Ali (January 2011). "Statistical Analysis and the OPEA Model of the White-Light Flares Occurring on Krüger 60B (DO Cep)". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 28 (4): 365–377. arXiv:1206.6122. Bibcode:2011PASA...28..365D. doi:10.1071/AS11034. ISSN 1448-6083.
- ^ Allen, C.; Herrera, M. A. (1998). "The galactic orbits of nearby UV Ceti stars". Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. 34: 37–46. Bibcode:1998larm.confE.115A.
- ^ García-Sánchez, J.; et al. (November 2001). "Stellar encounters with the solar system". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 379 (2): 634–659. Bibcode:2001A&A...379..634G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011330.
- ^ a b Dybczyński, Piotr A.; Królikowska, Małgorzata; Wysoczańska, Rita (24 September 2019). "Kruger 60 as a home system for 2I/Borisov -- a case study". arXiv:1909.10952 [astro-ph.EP].
Further reading
[edit]- James B. Kaler (22 March 2001). Extreme Stars: At the Edge of Creation. Cambridge University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-521-40262-0.
